Comparator-gage.



A. F. BOCKWELL.

comPAaMua GAGE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 26.193

1 ,274,33 1. Patented July 30, 1918.

IN VENTURI WPTNESSES-f v ALam'lkoarum UNITED STATES PATENT OEFCE.

ALBERT F. ROCKWELL, OF BRISTOL, CONNECTICUTQASSIGNOR TO THE NEWDEPARTURE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF BRISTOL, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION0F CON- NECTICUT.

COMPARATOR-GAGE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1918.

My invention relates to measuring instruments and more particularly togages. 1

In the manufacture of the cups and cones of antifriction bearings it. isnot always comparator practically feasible to turn out cup and conepairs the elements of which are accurately matched without giving one ofthe elements ot' the. pair a final accurately gaged fine grinding so asto accurately match it with the other element of the pair. Hereto'forethe necessary gaging and comparing has been done by the aid of two gagesone for each element of the pair. The disadvantages consequent to thistwo-gage method were, among others, that it has been necessarv for aworkman to watch two gages am compare their readings, that there. was apossibility of a lack of accurate correspondence between the gages, andthat a large number of gages were required. Iv

have devised a gage having but a single indicator and by the aid ot'which the necessany gaging and comparing can be done, which willindicate when thedi'erence between the diameters of the elements of apair is equal to the standard difference, and which will also indicatethe variations of the diameter-dilerence of a pair from the standarddiameter-difference.

Une object of my invention is to provid a gage with which objects may becompared simply, quickly and accurately.

,Another object is to provide a4 gage for comparing and matching cupsand cones and like articles.

To these ends and also to improve generally upon devices of thecharacter indicated my invention consists in the following mattershereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l isa side elevation of a gage ein4bodying my invention.

Fig. "2 is an end elevation of thefgage shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view, being sbstantially a Section on line 3-3 ofFlg. 1.

FigQ-l is a fragmental side view of the support.

Fig. 5 is a section on line of Fig. l.

Figli shows a hall tip.

lll/'ithout restricting my invention thereto l show and describe a gagemore particularly adapted to the comparing of cups and cones.

The illustratedgage comprises two sets of contact elements 1, 2, and l,respectively. These are carried by the arms and (i pivoted at 7. Thisconstruction providesl that, as the elements 1 and :lfmove with respectto each other, the elements 3. and 4 arc proportionally moved withrespect to each other. As here illustrated all ot' the clemerits are atsubstantially equal radial distances from the pivotal polnt 7 whereby asthe elements 1 and 2 are moved with respect, to each other a certainamount .the elements 3 and 4 will he moved with respect to each other anequal amount.

The contact element 3 is carried by the arm 5 by means oi a lever Spivoted to the arm 5 at 9. Thus there is provided for the element 3 amovement relative to its mate 4 in addition to that provided b v thepiv-4 otal movement of the arms 5 and The lever S has its arm l5extending heyond the pivoty or fulcrum to engage the plunger or actuator10 of the dial indicator l1. This indicator is of the well known t pe inwhich thc in and out movements of tlie plunger actuate the pointer,` theplunger being atV all times urged toward its outc1-- most position byresilient means within the instrument. The indicator 11 is carried bythe projection 12 of the arm 5 to move with said arm. The recitedconstruction provides an. arrangement whereby relative movement of thearms 5 and (i need not affect the indi cator but movement of the element3 about its pivot 9 may ali'ect the indicator. If desired, the arms 5and 6 may be urged apart by resilient means, as a spring 13 for example.Also, the lever 8 may be sup-4 ported by a spring as 14.

It will he seen that, in operation, whenever a cup and cone pair isinplace in the gage which cup and cone have the same difference betweentheir diameters, 11. e., the same diameter-difference, as exists betweenthe diameters of another pair (regardless of the actual length of thediameters) the pointer 16 of the dial indicator will stand at thesamegraduation of the dial 17 in the one case as in the other. If, however,the diameter-difference of the one pair varies from thediameta-difference of the other, the variation will be indicated by thepointer.

In using the illustrated gage as an aid in the matching ot' cups andcones, I may proceed as follows: First a standard cup and cone, c., acup and cone whose diameter difference is the standard amount, areplaced in the gage, the cup being placed first. When the cup is placedthe gage elements 3 and il are relatively moved exactly as are theelements l and 2, and, as regards relative movement of the arms 5 and 6,are held by the cup in the position assumed. When the cone is placed,presuming its diameter to be. greater than the then dlstance betweenelements 3 and 4, the element 3 swings about the pivot 9 thus movin theindicator pointer. Second, the gra nation at which the pointer stands isnoted, preferably .by turmng the dial to bring the zero of the dialunder the pointer. This completes the calibration of the gage.

The standard pair is now removed and a cup A, of the pair to be matched,placed in position. In this operation the elements 1', 2, and theelements 3, -l are moved relatively to each other by an amount equal tothe difference between the diameter of the standard cup and the cup Abut with no actuation of the indicator. The elements 3 and 4 are nowfitted over the cone B being ground. Presuming that the cone B is largerthan it should be. to match the cup A the pointer will be moved from`zero end will indicatehow much too. large the cone B is. The grindingis carried on until the pointer returns to zero which indicates that thediameters of A and'B now vary by the standard amount and therefore thecup and cone are properly matched.

It will he understood that, although I have above described thecalibration and use of the gage with reference to first placing the cupand then placing the cone, the order of these o erations is of nomoment. For

`example, i first a cone is placed, the arms 5 a cup the device willshow this also as in this ease the additional movement of the element 3is negative instead of positive.

Although I have more particularly described a gage embodying myinvention as used in the gaging of circular or annular objects it willbe. understood that it is by no means restricted to such use b'eingequally applicable to the matching and comparing of any objects.

T he means for moving the units of one set of Contact elements withrespect to each other proportionally, (as equally), as the units ofanother set are moved, as for example the means comprised by the arms 5and may be of any character capable of accomplishing the desiredresults. The additionally movable element, as the contact element 3, maybe mounted with relation to the element of the moving means, as the arm5, in any suitable manner which will provide the desired additionalmovement. The use of a lever, as 8, is desirable as it provides a readymeans whereby the actual movements of the additionally movable element 3are multiplied in being transmitted .to the indicating means. It willocourse be under stood that, although the illustrated lever 8 is of thefirst class, it might be of any other suitable class, so that, althoughin the present instance the two arms of the lever are distinct and lie:it-different sides of the fulcrum, this need not necessarily be theease.

The contact elements 1, 2, 3 and 4 may be of any suitable forms.Preferably the elements intended for contct with. a cup race are oftheball tip char eter, illustrated as parts 1 and 2 and are detachablyconnected with the arms 5 and 6 as shown. The detacliable feature isdesirable for the reason that different sized elements ma be used tomeet various conditions such, or example, as the condition arising whena cup is to be gaged which is of a diametevso great that it is notadvisable to permit the arms (provided with small tips) to movesufliclently far apart to accommodate it, in which case larger tips willbe put `in place. If desired the tips may have more than one ball; a twoball tip is illustrated in Fig. 6 130 but obviously any suitable numberof balls may be used.

The contact elements intended for contact with a cone race may well, butnot neceesariiy, be of the adjustable diamond tip forni illustrated. Inthe present instance a dianionrl` as 3, is carried by a holder iltightly received in, the screw 1S, such screw beingl locked in positionby the nut 19 and the set screw 20. By the use of a diamond l provideior proper resistance to the wear resulting;r 'from the contact of thecontact elena-nt 'with the rapidly rotating cones. By ic adjustingmeans, as the screw 18, I preside tor the diamonds being moved fartherapart or nearer together to meet various conditions, to correspond withthe various sized hall tips used.

The indicatingr means, here illustrated by way of example as the dialindicator 11, may be ci any desired. forni and construction. Where, asin the present instance, graduations (see Fig. 2) are provided inaddition to the one, as zero, which marks the position that the pointershould assume when indicating` that the contact elements i and t are inthe desired relationship (e. y., the relationship brought about by acone of proper size to match a cup), such additional gradaations maydesirably indicate thou- Sdniiths of an inch movement ot' the actuainthe present device, with the lever 8 a to 1 multiplication. a movementism,

raduations of the pointer indicates a A.movement of .001 inch of theelement 3.

As here illustrated the arms 5 and 6 are carried by the Isupport 21having yoke arms 2'), and Q25 between which the arms :i and il aresupported to swing with respect to each other and to the support.Conveniently the base of the support 21 nia'y have the form of atrnstuui of a. con'e whereby it may be conveniently mounted, as upon thegrinding machine, to be swung into and out of gaging relation to thework. The connection between the arms and. the yoke may be of anysuitable character. In the present instance the arm 5 is provided with aboX 21 carrying in its sides double' socketed bushings 25 an 2&3respertiwly. The arm 6 carries a double socketcd bushing 27.

carry respmiftively the socketed adjusting screw 7 and the soclretedadjusting block 28. Balls 29 are received in the sockets as shown. Thusthe two arms are accurately and practically frictionlessly mounted withrespect to the support 21 and to each other. The screw 7 1s shown aslocked in position by the nut 30 and the set screw 31, while the block'tsmay be vertically adjusted by the screws iand locked in adjustedposition bv thoset screws 33,

.The pivotal connection between thefarin 5 and the lever may, as shown,be generally similar t0 that described and ooiriprlse oi' one set isdetermined by the socket screws 9 and 34, the bushii. f 39, and theballs 40, the Socket screws beinglheld in adjusted position by the nuts35 and 36 and the set screws 37 and 38,

The indicator, such for example as the before referred to dial indicator11, is preferably mounted upon the arm 5 by means of the bolt 41adjustable in the slot 4:2 of the projection 12. In this way I providefor the rough adjustment of the indicator during calibration. Obviouslythe indicator wiil be so located with reference to the arm 15 that theplunger 10 will always be forced against the arm by the resilient meansof the indicator. The spring 14 may be adjusted as to 'tension by thescrew 43 while the spring 13 may be adjusted by means of the rod 44 heldin adjusted position by the set screw 45. Abutments, as screws 46 and47, may be provided for the lever 8 and arm 5 if desired. It will benoted that the spring 14 pulls the lever into contact with the stopscrew 46 so that the lever 8 is normally held stationary with respect tothe arm 5 when` no cone is in place and, if desired, the screw may `beadjusted to just contact the level-'when a standard pair is in placewhereby the only pivotal movement of the lever will be that necessary topermit the elements Ii and 4 to tit 95 over a concy larger than itshould be to match a cup.

it will be seen that In have provided a comparator gage by* the aid ofwhich ar ticles. as cups and cones. may he compared, 10g which willindicate deviations from a standard difference, as deviations from astandard diameterfditl'erence, and which withal is simple to constructand ope atc, accurate, and comparatively inexpensive.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In a measuring instrument, two sets of relatively movable contacts.and means whereby the distance between the contacts the movement betweenthe contacts of the other set. one ot' said contacts of said firstmentioned set beingrr also free to move with respect to its fellowContact under the i Huence of the article being measured anindependently of the other set of contacts; substantially as described.

2. In a comparator gage for indicating when the units ot' a pair ofobjects have a desired, standard. dimensional difference and alsoindicating variations from said dimensional-dtl'erence, in combination,a pair of arms fulcrmued with respect to each other, two1 contactelements carried by eachsaid army on non-coincident radii from thefulcrum to provide two of contact elements carb for gaging contact witha respective unit yqof said pair of objects and cach comprising twomated elements, the four elements being at equal distances from the ful-Crum, means whereby one said element can have movement relative to itsmate additional to that provided by the movement of said arms, thedifference between the normal span of the one set of said elements whensaid additionally movable element is in neuY tral position and the spanof the other set of elements being equal to said desired. standard.dinlensionalllittci'ence, and means tor indicating movements fromneutral position of said additionally movable element; subq stantiallyas described.

3. In a device 'for the comparative gagging ot the matched race membersot' a cup and cone pair,y each member ot' such a pair having a racewayof a contour adapting it for cooperation with the, raceway of the, otherto provide a race for antit'riction members. in combination.y two pairsof contact elcments. one pair consisting of tips ot' a contour andcharacter adapting them to tit into the raceway ot' one of the membersof said matched pair in gaging relation therewith, and the other pairot.. elements consisting ot' rips of a contour and character adaptingnthem to fit into the matching;- raceway of the other member of saidmatched pair iu gagingf relation therewith, and means for conncctinnrsaid two pairs ol tips and moving the tips o't' one pair with respect toeach other proportionailv to the movements of the tips of the other pairwith respect to each other; substantially as described.

4. lu a device for the comikmrative gaging of the elements of a cup andconc pair; each element of such a pair having,r a-raceway of a contouradapting it for cooperation with the raceway ot'` the other to provide arace for antifriction members; in combination, a plurality ot' sets ot'contact elements, one set comprising point tips ot a conformationadapt-ing them to tit in gaging relation upon the raceway ot' one ofsaid elements of said pair and another set comprising tips includingeach an antitriction member of a size and contour adapting it to fit ingauging relation upon the raceway ot the other cle ment ot' said pair.and means t'or connecting said two sets and movirngT the contactelements of one set with respwto cach other proportionally to themovements of the contact elements ot' thil other set with respect tonach other; substantially as described.

5. In a device ot the character indicated, in combination, a plu alityot' sets of contact elements, means for moving units of one set withrespect to each other proportionally to the movements of units ofanother set with respect to each other, indicating means so related tosaid first named means as to be unactuated during the movements of saidmeans, means for pivoting one of said ele- 03 ments to an element ofsaid first named means and comprising a lever carrying said element uponone arm and having its other arm operatively connected to saidindicating means to actuate the same duringsaid le vers movement;substantially asdescribedA In a device of the character indicated. incombination, a plurality of sets of contact elements, meansv for movingunits of one set with respect to each other proportionately to movementsof units of another set with respect to each other, indicating means sorelated to said first named means as to be unactuated during themovements thereof, such indicating means being provided with anactuator, means for pivoting one of said contact elements to acomponent, of said first named means and comprising a lever tillcrumedto such component and supporting upon one of its arms such contactelement.y the other arm of said lever being operatively connected tosaid actuator, means acting to orge said lever toward said actuator, anda stop inconnection with said lever to limit its movement Linder theinfluence, of said last named means; substantially as described. i

T. In a device of the character indicated, in combination. a pair ofarms movably mounted with respect to each other, a plurality of` contactelements carried by each said arm, one of said arms being provided witha projection, a lever fulcrumed upon such arm and carrying upon one ofits arms one ot' said contact elements, and indicating means carried b vsaid projection, the other arm of said lever beingr in operativeconnection with said indicating means; substantially as described.

8. ln a device of the character indicated, in combimltion.r a pair ofarms movably mounted with respect to each other, a plurality of contactelements carried by each arm, a lever fulcrumed upon one of said armsand supporting upon one of its arms one of said Contact elements, one ofsaid first named arms being provided with a projection, au indicatorcarried by said progectiorn and provided with an actuator.- the otherarm ot said lever being operatively connect ed with said actuator.resilient means connecting said projection and said lever and acting tourge said lever toward said actuator. and a sto carried by saidprojection and in connection with said lever to limit its movement underthe influence of said resilient means; substantially as described.

9. In a gage, in combination, a supper"J for gaging arms in thecharacter of a stem with a bifurcated portion, a pair of gaginif arms tobe mounted for pivotal movement with respect to each other and to saidsupport and between. the arms provided by said portion, the one gagingarm having a part in the character ot a box received between this armsof said portion and having an apen y llt ture, und the other gagging :mnboing pnszscfi In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my through saidaperture, :md moans for pivot signziture., nx tho presence of twowitnesses. ally connecting the dos of sind aperture )r\ 1 with the armsof Suid bifurcaied portion ALBMI] I'RObKvVb LL 5 ,und for pivotallyconnecting Suid sides with, Witnesses:

the other gaging arm; Substantially as de- GEORGE L. SANFORD,

scribed. Vmm mi: A. GREENE.

